A dependent variable is a variable in a scientific experiment or study that is observed and measured to determine the effects of changes in the independent variable(s).
It is the outcome or response that researchers are interested in studying or analyzing.
The dependent variable depends on the independent variable, which is manipulated or changed by the researcher to observe its impact on the dependent variable.
In a cause-and-effect relationship, the dependent variable is what is affected or influenced by the independent variable(s). Researchers use dependent variables to assess the results and draw conclusions from their experiments or studies.